Two Dead, 58 Ill in Harlem Legionnaires’ Disease Outbreak

An outbreak of legionnaires’ disease in Harlem, New York City, has resulted in the deaths of two individuals and left another 58 people ill. The New York City Department of Health is currently investigating this alarming situation, which has seen a significant increase in reported cases since July 31, when only 22 cases were known.

According to Tyler Evans, CEO of Wellness Equity Alliance and a medical professional experienced with vulnerable populations, legionnaires’ disease is a form of community-acquired pneumonia caused by inhaling water droplets contaminated with Legionella bacteria. These bacteria are often found in poorly maintained cooling towers, air-conditioning systems, hot tubs, or plumbing.

Health Department Response and Public Safety Measures

In response to the outbreak, city health officials have repaired 11 cooling towers that tested positive for Legionella pneumophila, the specific type of bacteria responsible for the disease. The affected zip codes include 10027, 10030, 10035, 10037, and 10039. Acting Health Commissioner Dr. Michelle Morse has urged anyone experiencing flu-like symptoms in these areas to seek medical attention promptly.

Despite the seriousness of the outbreak, the health department has confirmed that the issue does not involve the plumbing systems of buildings, assuring residents that it is safe to drink water, bathe, shower, and use air-conditioning units.

Understanding and Preventing Legionnaires’ Disease

Legionnaires’ disease does not transmit from person to person. Evans emphasizes that the risk of illness rises significantly in conditions of heat and humidity. He noted that cities are experiencing more frequent and severe outbreaks, particularly in low-income urban areas, due to climate change. For instance, neighborhoods in New York City, such as the Bronx and Harlem, have seen outbreaks approximately every three to five years.

To minimize the risk of contracting legionnaires’ disease, building owners and facility managers are encouraged to conduct regular inspections and disinfect water systems, especially during warmer months when bacteria thrive. Individuals should also inquire about the management of these systems when staying in unfamiliar buildings, as this knowledge could prove essential for their health.

Vulnerable populations, including those over 50, individuals with chronic health conditions like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or diabetes, and smokers or vapers, face a higher risk of severe illness. Evans advises caution and vigilance for these groups, as they are more susceptible to the disease.

Residents concerned about their living conditions are encouraged to communicate with their landlords regarding the management of water systems. In New York City, landlords have a legal obligation to address “immediately hazardous” conditions within 24 hours and “hazardous conditions” within 30 days. If there is no response, tenants can contact the Tenant Helpline by dialing 311 for assistance.

As the city navigates this outbreak, public awareness and proactive measures are key to preventing further cases of legionnaires’ disease.